6
Bar Syllabus
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1,980
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Civil Law and Land Titles and Deeds
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I. EFFECT AND APPLICATION OF LAWS
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F. Repeal and Nullification of Laws - NCC, Art. 7
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J. Conflict of Laws - NCC, Arts. 15-18
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II. PERSONS
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A. Juridical Capacity
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1. Acquisition
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b. Juridical Persons - NCC, Art. 44
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B. Capacity to Act
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3. Restrictions
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III. FAMILY RELATIONS Family Code of the Philippines (FC) - Executive Order No. 209, as amended
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A. Marriage - FC, Articles 1-148; 1987 Constitution, Art. II, Sec. 12 and Art. XV
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1. General Principles
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B. Family Relations
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3. Adoption and Care of Children
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a. Domestic Adoption - R.A. No. 11642
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c. Foundlings - R.A. No. 11767
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IV. CIVIL REGISTER
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B. Correction of Entries
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IX. SPECIAL CONTRACTS
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A. Sale
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1. Nature and Form
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6. Installment Sales
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b. Real Property - R.A. No. 6552
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B. Lease
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C. Agency
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D. Credit Transactions
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1. Loan
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2. Deposit
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3. Guaranty and Suretyship
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4. Real Estate Mortgage
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5. Personal Property Security - R.A. No. 11057
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c. Perfection of Security Interest
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V. PROPERTY, OWNERSHIP, AND ITS MODIFICATIONS
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A. Property
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2. Classification of Property
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a. According to Nature
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b. According to Ownership
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B. Ownership
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2. Object
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5. Actions to Recover Ownership and Possession
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8. Possession
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10. Easements
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C. Modes of Acquiring Ownership
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VI. LAND TITLES AND DEEDS P.D. No. 1529, as amended
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A. Torrens System
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G. Subsequent Registration
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J. Assurance Fund
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VII. SUCCESSION
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B. Elements
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VIII. OBLIGATIONS AND CONTRACTS
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A. Obligations
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1. General Provisions
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2. Classification
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3. Extinguishment
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f. Novation
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B. Contracts
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1. General Provisions
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2. Basic Principles
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5. Defective Contracts
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X. QUASI-CONTRACTS
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B. Kinds
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2. Solutio Indebiti
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XI. TORTS AND QUASI-DELICTS
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A. Principles
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B. The Tortfeasor
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2. Persons Made Responsible for Others
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a. In General
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b. In Particular
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v. The State
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C. Proximate Cause
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1. Concept
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2. Legal Cause
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D. Classification of Torts
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E. Defenses
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XII. DAMAGES
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B. Kinds
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Commercial and Taxation Laws
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I. BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS
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A. Corporations - R.A. No. 11232
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3. Nationality of Corporations
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4. Juridical Personality
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5. Capital Structure
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6. Incorporation and Organization
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a. Promoters
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i. De Facto Corporation
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8. Stockholders and Members
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9. Directors and Trustees
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10. Capital Affairs
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b. Watered Stocks
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g. Securities - R.A. No. 8799
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11. Merger, Consolidation, and Acquisition - relate to R.A. No. 10667
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a. Concept - Sec. 4
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b. Review - Sec. 16
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13. Foreign Corporations
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b. Foreign Investments - R.A. No. 7042, as amended by R.A. No. 8179 and R.A. No. 11647
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14. Special Corporations
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e. One Person Corporations
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v. Corporate Structure and Officers
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B. Partnerships
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1. General Provisions
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II. INSURANCE Presidential Decree [P.D.] No. 612, as amended by R.A. No. 10607
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III. TRANSPORTATION
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A. Common Carriers
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B. Vigilance over Goods
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C. Safety of Passengers
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IV. BANKING
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A. Secrecy of Bank Deposits - R.A. No. 1405 and R.A. No. 6426, as amended
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B. General Banking Law - R.A. No. 8791
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C. Deposit Insurance - R.A. No. 3591, as amended by R.A. No. 11840
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D. Anti-Money Laundering - R.A. No. 9160, as amended by R.A. No. 9194, R.A. No. 10167, R.A. No. 10365, R.A. No. 10927, and R.A. No.11521
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6. Money Laundering
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E. The Central Bank - R.A. No. 7653, as amended by R.A. No. 11211
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3. Banks in Distress
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V. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY R.A. No. 8293, as amended by R.A. No. 9150, R.A. No. 9502, and R.A. No. 10372
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A. Patents
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B. Trademarks
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C. Copyright
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VI. SPECIAL COMMERCIAL LAWS
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A. R.A. No. 10142 (Financial Rehabilitation and Insolvency Act)
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2. Rehabilitation
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B. R.A. No. 8792 (Electronic Commerce Act)
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C. Commonwealth Act No. 146, as amended by R.A. No. 11659 (Public Service Act)
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D. R.A. No. 10667 (Philippine Competition Act)
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2. Prohibited Acts
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a. Anti-competitive Agreements - Sec. 14
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VIII. TAXATION LAW
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A. General Principles
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B. National Taxation - National Internal Revenue Code of 1997 [NIRC], as amended
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2. Income Tax
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a. Nature and General Principles
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b. Income
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3. Value-Added Tax (VAT )
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6. Tax Remedies under the NIRC
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a. General Concepts
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b. Civil Penalties
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c. Assessment Process
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d. Collection Process
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e. Taxpayers' Remedies
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f. Government Remedies
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C. Local Taxation - R.A. No. 7160
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4. Assessment and Collection of Local Taxes - Sec. 194
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5. Taxpayers' Remedies
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6. Local Taxes
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d. Real Property Taxation (Book II, Title II)
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D. Judicial Remedies
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1. Court of Tax Appeals (CTA)
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2. Procedures
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a. Action for Collection of Taxes
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b. Civil Cases
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c. Criminal Cases
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Criminal Law
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I. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES
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A. Construction or Interpretation of Penal Laws
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D. Cardinal Principles of Criminal Law
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E. Constitutional Limitations on the Power to Enact Penal Laws
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II. FELONIES AND CRIMINAL LIABILITY RPC Book 1 and Related Laws
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A. Felonies
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5. Stages of Execution
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6. Plurality of Crimes
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B. Criminal Liability
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2. Criminal Causation
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6. Participation in Acts Giving Rise to Criminal Liability
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a. Principals, Accomplices, and Accessories
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b. Conspiracy and Proposal
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7. Circumstances Affecting Criminal Liability
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b. Exempting Circumstances - RPC, Art. 12
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d. Aggravating Circumstances - RPC, Art. 14
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8. Effect of Repeat Commission of Crimes
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C. Penalties
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8. Execution and Service
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D. Extinction of Criminal Liability
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1. Total Extinction
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e. Prescription
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2. Partial Extinction
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E. Civil Liability Ex Delicto
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III. CRIMES AND THEIR PENALTIES RPC Book 2 and Related Special Laws
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A. Title One - Crimes against National Security and the Law of Nations
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B. Title Two - Crimes against the Fundamental Laws of the State
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C. Title Three - Crimes against Public Order
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D. Title Four - Crimes against Public Interest
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F. Title Six - Crimes against Public Morals
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G. Title Seven - Crimes Committed by Public Officers
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1. Plunder - R.A. No. 7080, as amended
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H. Title Eight - Crimes against Persons
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3. Abuse of Children - R.A. No. 7610, as amended
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I. Title Nine - Crimes against Personal Liberty and Security
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J. Title Ten - Crimes against Property
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K. Title Eleven - Crimes against Chastity
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L. Title Twelve - Crimes against the Civil Status of Persons
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M. Title Thirteen - Crimes against Honor
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Labor and Social Legislation
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I. BASIC PRINCIPLES AND CONCEPTS
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A. Legal Basis
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1. International Documents
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B. State Labor Policies
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II. RECRUITMENT AND PLACEMENT
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B. Local Employment - LC, Title I
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1. Parties
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a. Worker
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b. Employment Office or Agency
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C. Overseas Employment - R.A. No. 8042, as amended
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1. Regulatory Authorities
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2. Parties
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b. Private Employers or Employment and Recruitment Agents
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D. Regulation of Recruitment and Placement Activities
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2. Illegal Recruitment
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III. EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP
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A. Employer-Employee Relationship
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1. Definition
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B. Contracting - LC; D.O. No. 174, s. 2017; Executive Order [E.O.] No. 51; Department Circular No. 1, s. 2017
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C. Kinds of Employment
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IV. LABOR STANDARDS
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A. Conditions of Employment
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4. Personal Comfort Doctrine
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5. Overtime Work
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6. Non-compensable Hours; When Compensable
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B. Wages - LC and its Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR); R.A. No. 6727, R.A. No. 9504; R.A. No. 9178
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1. Definition, Components, and Exclusions
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2. Principles
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3. Minimum Wage
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6. Wage Determination - LC, R.A. No. 6727, R.A. No. 8188, R.A. No. 9178, Latest Wage Orders
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C. Leaves
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1. Under the Labor Code
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2. Under Special Laws
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D. Telecommuting - R.A. No. 11165
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E. Working Conditions for Special Workers
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1. Apprentices and Learners
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2. Persons with Disabilities
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F. Working Conditions for Special Groups of Employees
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1. Women Workers - R.A. No. 7192; R.A. No. 7877; R.A. No. 9710; R.A. No. 10028
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2. Minors
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H. Management Prerogative
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10. Discriminatory Practices
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V. LABOR RELATIONS
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A. Right to Self-organization
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1. Coverage
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5. Labor Organizations
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B. Bargaining Unit
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C. Bargaining Representative
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E. Rights, Terms, and Conditions of Membership
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10. Collective Bargaining
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b. Procedure
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c. Collective Bargaining Agreement
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G. Unfair Labor Practice
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H. Peaceful Concerted Activities - see also R.A. No. 6727
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VI. SUSPENSION AND TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT
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A. Termination or Suspension by Employer
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3. Authorized Causes - see also D.O. No. 147, s. 2015
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f. Illegal Strike
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B. Termination by employee
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C. Illegal Dismissal
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2. Reliefs
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VII. SOCIAL LEGISLATION
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A. Social Security - R.A. No. 11199
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B. Government Service Insurance - R.A. No. 8291
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D. Disability and Death Benefits
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VIII. LABOR ADJUDICATION - JURISDICTION & REMEDIES
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A. Labor Adjudication Agencies and their Jurisdiction
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1. National Labor Relations Commission (NLRC)
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a. Regional Arbitration Branches (RAB) (Labor Arbiters)
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2. DOLE
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a. Regional Directors
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b. DOLE Secretary
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c. National Conciliation and Mediation Board (NCMB) and Voluntary Arbitrators - E.O. No. 126, as amended by E.O. No. 251
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B. Procedure and Remedies
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1. Procedural Standards in Labor Proceedings - LC, Art. 227
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2. Single-Entry Approach - D.O. No. 151, s. 2016
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3. Procedure in the NLRC
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a. Appeal from the RAB to the NLRC Proper
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Political and Public International Law
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I. BASIC CONCEPTS
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I. Fundamental Powers of the State
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II. NATIONAL TERRITORY
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III. CITIZENSHIP
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D. Loss and Re-acquisition of Philippine Citizenship
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IV. LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT
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A. Legislative Power
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B. Chambers of Congress; Composition; Qualifications
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2. House of Representatives
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IX. NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PATRIMONY
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V. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT
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B. Privileges, Inhibitions, and Disqualifications
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C. Powers of the President
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2. Power of Appointment
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3. Power of Control and Supervision
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5. Commander-in-Chief Powers
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6. Pardoning Power
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7. Diplomatic Powers
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VI. JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT
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B. Judicial Review
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D. Appointments to the Judiciary
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2. Judicial and Bar Council
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E. The Supreme Court
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1. Composition, Powers, and Functions
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VII. CONSTITUTIONAL COMMISSIONS
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VIII. CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS
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A. Due Process
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B. Equal Protection
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2. Standards of Judicial Review
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C. Arrests, Searches, and Seizures
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D. Privacy of Communications and Correspondence
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3. Data Privacy - R.A. No. 10173
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E. Freedom of Speech and Expression
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F. Freedom of Religion
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G. Liberty of Abode and Right to Travel
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H. Right to Information
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L. Custodial Investigation
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X. ADMINISTRATIVE LAW
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C. Powers of Administrative Agencies
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1. Quasi-legislative or Rule-making Power
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2. Quasi-judicial or Adjudicatory Power
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D. Judicial Recourse and Review
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XI. LAW ON PUBLIC OFFICERS
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K. The Civil Service
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L. Accountability of Public Officers
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2. Discipline
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4. Ombudsman and Special Prosecutor - 1987 Constitution, Art. XI in relation to R.A. No. 6770
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XII. ELECTION LAW
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A. Suffrage
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B. Candidacy
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2. Filing of Certificates of Candidacy
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C. Campaign
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D. Remedies and Jurisdiction
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XIII. LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
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D. Local Government Units
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1. Powers
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XIV. PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW
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A. Sources of International Law
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B. Sources of International Legal Obligation
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E. Jurisdiction of States
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1. Basis
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2. Exemptions
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H. Treatment of Aliens
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1. Extradition
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I. International Human Rights Law
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J. International Humanitarian Law
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1. Categories of Armed Conflicts
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K. Dispute Resolution
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5. War and Neutrality
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L. Law of the Sea
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M. International Environmental Law
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Remedial Law, Legal and Judicial Ethics, with Practical Exercises
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I. GENERAL PRINCIPLES
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II. JURISDICTION
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A. Concept
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B. Subject Matter Jurisdiction
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1. Kinds
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C. Acquired Jurisdiction
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1. Over the Parties
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D. Jurisdiction of Philippine Courts and Tribunals
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9. Metropolitan and Municipal Trial Courts - R.A. No. 11576
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III. CIVIL PROCEDURE Rules of Court, as amended by A.M. No. 19-10-20-SC
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A. Classification of Actions
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E. Pleadings
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8. Filing and Service of Pleadings - Rule 13
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F. Summons - Rule 14
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1. Issuance; Contents
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2. Service
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b. Modes
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G. Motions - Rule 15
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H. Dismissal and Default
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I. Pre-trial - Rule 18 and A.M. No. 03-1-09-SC
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Q. Demurrer to Evidence - Rule 33
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1. Denial
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R. Judgments and Final Orders
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S. Post-judgment Remedies
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2. Reconsideration - Rule 37
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6. Appeal and Review
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a. Coverage
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e. Modes
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v. Appeal by Certiorari to the Supreme Court - Rule 45
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T. Execution, Satisfaction, and Effect of Judgments - Rule 39
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4. How a Judgment is Executed
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8. Res Judicata
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IV. PROVISIONAL REMEDIES
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B. Preliminary Attachment - Rule 57
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C. Preliminary Injunction - Rule 58
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IX. LEGAL AND JUDICIAL ETHICS
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A. Legal Ethics - Code of Professional Responsibility and Accountability (CPRA), A.M. No. 22-09-01-SC
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1. Practice of Law
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2. Admission to the Practice of Law
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a. Legal Education
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3. Continuing Requirements for Membership in the Bar
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4. Who May Practice Law
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a. Members of the Bar
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b. Non-members of the Bar
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c. Members of the Bar Prohibited from Private Practice
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d. Members of the Bar with Limited Legal Practice
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v. Justices, Judges, and Court Employees
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6. Unauthorized Practice of Law
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7. Duties and Responsibilities of Lawyers - CPRA
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a. General Provisions
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b. Independence - Canon I
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c. Propriety - Canon II
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d. Fidelity - Canon III
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e. Competence and Diligence - Canon IV
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f. Equality - Canon V
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v. Non-interference in Courts or Tribunals
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v. Reporting Dishonest, Deceitful, or Misleading Conduct - Sec. 12
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v. Responding to Inquiries - Sec. 5
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v. Responsibilities of Law Firms and Legal Clinics - Secs. 10, 11, 20, and 40
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8. Discipline and Disbarment of Lawyers - CPRA, Canon VI
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a. Nature of Bar Discipline Proceedings
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b. Institution of Bar Discipline Proceedings - Secs. 2, 3, and 30
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9. Notarial Practice - A.M. No. 02-8-13-SC, as amended
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B. Judicial Ethics
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1. Sources
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2. Principles
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d. Propriety - NCJC, Canon 4; 1989 CJC Canon 5, Rule 3.03,
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4. Administration and Discipline of Judges
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b. Disciplinary Proceedings against Members of the Judiciary
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V. SPECIAL CIVIL ACTIONS
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F. Expropriation - Rule 67; R.A. No. 8974, Sec. 4
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G. Foreclosure of Real Estate Mortgage - Rule 68; R.A. No. 8791, Sec. 47
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VI. SPECIAL PROCEEDINGS AND WRITS
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A. Settlement of Estate of Deceased Persons
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3. Judicial
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c. Testate - Probate Proceedings
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J. Environmental Cases - A.M. No. 09-6-8-SC
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VII. CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
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A. Criminal Jurisdiction
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B. Prosecution of Offenses - Rule 110
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C. Prosecution of Civil Action - Rule 111
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3. Reservation, Suspension, and Waiver
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4. Civil Liability Ex Delicto
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D. Preliminary Investigation - Rule 112
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4. Determination of Probable Cause
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5. Remedy from Investigator's Action
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E. Arrest - Rule 113
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1. Warranted Arrest
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F. Bail - Rule 114
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G. Rights of Accused - Rule 115
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H. Arraignment and Plea - Rule 116
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3. Guilty Plea
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I. Motion to Quash - Rule 117
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J. Pre-trial - Rule 118
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K. Trial - Rule 119
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M. Judgment - Rule 120
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2. Promulgation of Judgment
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P. Search and Seizure - Rule 126
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1. Warranted Search and Seizure
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a. Search Warrant
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v. Cybercrime Warrants - A.M. No. 17-11-03-SC
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2. Warrantless Search
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VIII. EVIDENCE
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A. General Provisions and Principles - Rule 128
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E. Admissibility
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1. Requisites - Rule 128, Sec. 3
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F. Weight and Sufficiency - Rule 133
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1. Standards
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G. Kinds
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1. Object or Real Evidence - Rule 130, Part A
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2. Documentary Evidence - Rule 130, Part B
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3. Testimonial Evidence - Rule 130, Part C
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b. Who may be Witnesses
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g. Hearsay Rule and Exceptions
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H. Presentation of Evidence - Rule 132
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1. Examination of a Witness
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2. Authentication and Proof of Documents
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3. Offer and Objection
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J. Presumptions
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K. Rules on the Transmission and Execution of Letters of Request for Taking of Evidence in Civil or Commercial Matters under the 1970 Hague Evidence Convention - A.M. No. 25-02-17-SC
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X. PRACTICAL EXERCISES
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I. Notarial Acts
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J. Motions
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L. Information
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