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Question
In a domestic adoption scenario under the Domestic Adoption Act (RA 11642) and the Family Code, which of the following may lawfully adopt a Filipino child given that all other statutory requirements (consent, age difference, etc.) are satisfied? Maria, a 38-year-old Filipino citizen from Makati, widowed, with a stable income, desires to adopt a 3-year-old child in the custody of the Social Welfare and Development Office. John, a 40-year-old foreign national married to a Filipino and residing in the Philippines, also seeks to adopt the same child. Which of the following may lawfully adopt the child?