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Question
In a coastal city, 76-year-old Estrella, who has no independent income, lives with her only child Manuel (50-year-old engineer earning ₱90,000 monthly) and Manuel's wife Carmina (48-year-old teacher earning ₱60,000 monthly). Estrella seeks support from Manuel and Carmina under the Family Code provisions on Support (Arts. 194-208). (a) Identify the relationships and recipients who may be entitled to support under Arts. 194-208 and who bears the duty to provide it in such cases. (b) Explain the standard used to fix the amount and duration of support, including how Estrella's needs and Manuel's and Carmina's means are considered, and what remedies are available if Manuel and/or Carmina fail to pay. (c) If Estrella privately signs a deed waiving any future support in exchange for a house title or other property settlement, is the waiver valid? Explain, citing the controlling policy and rationale behind the rule.