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Question
A violent hillside storm threatens a property owned by Ms. Lora; without Lora’s knowledge or consent, her neighbor Ken voluntarily intervenes to prevent damage to the property and potentially to adjacent properties. He hires a contractor and spends ₱21,450 to shore up a retaining wall and install drainage to divert runoff away from neighboring lots. After the crisis passes, Lora refuses to reimburse Ken. (a) Does Ken’s action constitute negotiorum gestio (Other Quasi-contracts)? (b) What amount is Lora obligated to reimburse Ken for, and on what basis? (c) If Lora later ratifies Ken’s acts, what effect does ratification have on Ken’s right to reimbursement?