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VeloSphere, a Transport Network Service (TNS) platform, contracts with drivers as independent contractors. Driver Juno signs an in-app agreement labeling him a "VeloSphere Certified Driver" and binds him to VeloSphere’s safety policies, including wearing a visible badge and following traffic rules. The app offers a combined passenger-ride and courier assignment, where a rider may request both a passenger ride and a small-package delivery to a nearby address as part of the same dispatch. While performing a ride-courier dispatch, Juno runs a red light and injures a pedestrian, Kai. Kai sues VeloSphere for damages, arguing that Juno was acting within the scope of his authority as VeloSphere’s agent because he accepted rides and performed duties under VeloSphere’s policies. VeloSphere contends there is no agency because Juno is an independent contractor and VeloSphere does not exercise control over his driving. (a)Does a principal–agent relationship exist between VeloSphere and Juno, considering actual authority, apparent authority, or agency by estoppel? (b)If an agency relationship exists, was Juno’s act within the scope of Juno’s authority as VeloSphere’s agent? (c)What is VeloSphere’s potential liability to Kai given the possible agency findings?