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Question
Sunrise Global Airlines, a Philippine-registered carrier, conducts international carriage by air from Manila to Paris. Passenger Mia Chen checks a suitcase containing a professional camera valued at PHP 150,000 and declares the value at check-in as PHP 140,000, paying the applicable surcharge. The camera is damaged in transit. Sunrise invokes the Montreal Convention and its contract of carriage to limit liability. (a) Identify the central doctrinal issue governing liability for damage to checked baggage in international carriage by air under the Montreal Convention. (b) Apply to the facts: Is Sunrise liable to Mia for the damage to her checked baggage? If liable, set out the elements Mia must prove and the extent of liability; discuss any defenses Sunrise may raise under the Montreal Convention; conclude.