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X deliberately stabs Y in a street brawl, causing life‑threatening injuries. Y is brought to a hospital, where a nurse misreads the chart and administers an overdose of a common anticoagulant, causing fatal hemorrhage. (a) Identify the proximate cause doctrine governing criminal liability for death in this scenario. (b) Distinguish the proximate cause rule from the simple 'but-for' test, and explain how foreseeability and intervening causes affect the chain of causation. (c) Apply the doctrine to determine whether X is criminally liable for Y’s death, and state your conclusion.