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Congress passes the General Appropriations and Development Act, containing three provisions: (A) funding for a rural hospital; (B) a line-item provision capping salaries for certain officials; (C) authorization for a feasibility study on renewable energy. The President returns the bill within 30 days with objections only to provision B, stating: "I approve provisions A and C; I veto B; delete B and sign the rest into law." The President does not object to A or C.
(a) Identify whether the President validly exercised a veto on provision B alone and whether partial veto is permissible under the Constitution.
(b) If Congress does not override, what is the legal status of provisions A, B, and C?
(c) If Congress overrides with a two-thirds vote of the members of both Houses, what is the status of provision B and of the Act as a whole?