Flashcards Studio

In the City of San Esperanza, the Mayor appoints Gina Pangan as City Librarian without Civil Service Commission confirmation and without meeting the required qualifications. Pangan serves for 9 weeks, signs records, and approves a two-year contract with DocuNet Systems for a digitization project. The rightful appointer later appoints Lourdes Ramos as City Librarian, and the Civil Service Commission voids Pangan’s appointment for lack of qualification. The City has already paid DocuNet under Pangan’s purchase orders. (a) Is Pangan a de facto officer or a de jure officer? (b) Are Pangan’s acts binding on the City and on DocuNet Systems? (c) What remedies are available to Lourdes Ramos as the rightful appointee and to the City?