Flashcards Studio

Scenario: Vice-Mayor Espera, a licensed attorney, owns 33% of Verde Realty, Inc., a private developer planning to undertake a zoning-to-PPP project to convert public land into a mixed-use development, to be considered by the provincial sanggunian. Espera participates in the sanggunian’s deliberations and votes in favor of the measure, but she fails to disclose her ownership. The measure is enacted. (a) Identify the governing doctrine under RA 7160 that governs this situation. (b) Distinguish the controlling rule on disclosure, abstention/recusal, and the consequences for the validity of the measure and for Espera’s liability. (c) What remedies or recourses exist to address possible violations and to ensure compliance with law and ethics?