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Judge A presides over a civil case in the Regional Trial Court. Atty. B, counsel for the plaintiff, invites the judge to join the board of trustees of a private foundation that was established by B’s firm to fund community health programs. The judge’s spouse accepts an equivalent position on the board. The foundation pays for the judge to attend a two‑day governance conference at a resort, which includes meals and a fundraising dinner. The event occurs three weeks before a scheduled hearing in the case. Four days after the conference, the judge grants a motion in favor of B’s client. (a) Identify the controlling doctrine under the 1989 Code of Judicial Conduct implicated by these facts. (b) Distinguish 'impropriety' from the 'appearance of impropriety' and apply the rule to these facts. (c) What disciplinary remedies may be warranted, and why?