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Civil Action No. 2024-00077, RTC, Branch 5, Dumaguete City. The RTC rendered final judgment on the merits in favor of...

...umaguete City. The RTC rendered final judgment on the merits in favor of the defendant. The plaintiff did not file a motion for reconsideration. The plaintiff then filed with the Court of Appeals a petition for certiorar...

Citations: Rule 41 of the Rules of Court (Appeals), Rule 65 of the Rules of Court (Certiorari, Prohibition, and Mandamus), Rules on MR and final judgments (timing under Rule 41), Potential recourse to Rule 45 (Petition for Review on Certiorari) for questions of law

Judge Elena Navarro, RTC Branch 12, City of Y, issues Administrative Memorandum AM-RTC-NAV-2026-07 directing all comm...

...me Court or the Court Administrator and conflicts with judiciary-wide rules on case assignment. The Court Administrator seeks to review the action. (a) Identify the governing doctrine on administrative supervision over l...

Citations: Constitution of the Philippines, Article VIII, Section 5 (administrative supervision over all courts and personnel)

An action in the Municipal Trial Court (MTC) of City X culminated in a judgment in favor of the plaintiff, Ms. L, for...

An action in the Municipal Trial Court (MTC) of City X culminated in a judgment in favor of the plaintiff, Ms. L, for PHP 85,000. On January 26, 2024, within the 15-day period from notice of judgment, the defendant, Mr...

Citations: Rules of Court, Rule 40, A.M. No. 19-10-20-SC (amendments/guidelines for post-judgment remedies)

A university bursar issues Tuition Receipt No. T-2023-07 for a payment made by a student’s parent on July 5, 2023. Th...

...te conditions and reasonable alternatives, avoiding broader tangents. Rules of Court, Rule 130, Original Documents and Sec...

Citations: Rules of Court, Rule 130, Original Documents and Secondary Evidence (Best Evidence Rule); particularly the handling of lost or destroyed originals and admissibility of certified copies.

Court of Appeals denies a petition for certiorari; Notice of denial is served on counsel on Thursday, October 26, 202...

...core doctrine with a clear, concrete scenario the student must apply. Rules of Court, Rule 22, Sec. 1 (as amended by A.M. No. 19-10-20-SC), A.M. No. 19-10-20-SC, Rule on Computation of Time

Citations: Rules of Court, Rule 22, Sec. 1 (as amended by A.M. No. 19-10-20-SC), A.M. No. 19-10-20-SC, Rule on Computation of Time

(a) Identify the controlling doctrine on the right to a speedy trial and the speedy disposition of cases in Philippin...

...ng doctrine on the right to a speedy trial and the speedy disposition of cases in Philippine law, naming the key actors (accused, prosecution, defense counsel, and court) and the sources (statutory or constitutional) tha...

Citations: Constitution of the Philippines, Article III, Section 14(2) (Right to Speedy Trial), Rules of Court, Rule 112 (Speedy Trial and Speedy Disposition of Cases), Barker v. Wingo, 407 U.S. 514 (1972) (persuasive framework for evaluating speedy-trial claims)

A former employee, Lila, employed by Sunrise Agro-Industrial, was terminated for alleged misconduct. She filed a labo...

...ed a labor complaint with the NLRC, which dismissed the case for lack of an employer-employee relationship and thus held the matter non-jurisdictional. Separately, the Secretary of Labor and Employment issued Administrat...

Citations: Rule 65, Rules of Court (Certiorari, Prohibition and Mandamus), Doctrine: grave abuse of discretion amounting to lack or excess of jurisdiction, General principle: certiorari available when there is no adequate remedy by appeal

In Civil Action No. 2026-00007, RTC, Branch 3, Batangas City, the RTC rendered final judgment on the merits in favor...

...Batangas City, the RTC rendered final judgment on the merits in favor of the defendant in a money-claim case. The plaintiff did not file a motion for reconsideration. The plaintiff then filed with the Court of Appeals a...

Section 2 of A.M. No. 25-02-17-SC (Rules on Transmission and Execution of Letters of Request under the 1970 Hague Evi...

Section 2 of A.M. No. 25-02-17-SC (Rules on Transmission and Execution of Letters of Request under the 1970 Hague Evidence Convention) defines specific terms used in taking evidence abroad. (a) List the terms defined in...

Citations: A.M. No. 25-02-17-SC (Rules on Transmission and Execution of Letters of Request under the Hague Evidence Convention), Hague Convention on the Taking of Evidence Abroad in Civil or Commercial Matters (1970), Philippine Supreme Court Administrative Matter relevant to Hague transmission/execution framework

Court of Appeals Civil Case No. CA-2024-CA-0123. The dispositive portion of the Court of Appeals judgment contains cl...

Court of Appeals Civil Case No. CA-2024-CA-0123. The dispositive portion of the Court of Appeals judgment contains clerical errors: (1) the appellee’s surname is printed as “Garcia” instead of the correct “Garcia-Perez”...

Citations: Republic Act No. 9048, Republic Act No. 10172

In a civil action decided by the Municipal Trial Court (MTC) of City L on August 2, 2023, the MTC issued judgment in...

In a civil action decided by the Municipal Trial Court (MTC) of City L on August 2, 2023, the MTC issued judgment in favor of plaintiff P for PHP 70,000. Within 15 days from notice of judgment, the defendant, D, filed wi...

Citations: Rules of Court, Rule 40 (Appeals from MTC to RTC), A.M. No. 19-10-20-SC (amendments on perfection and cure of defects in notices of appeal)

A mother, Elena, has a valid custody order from a family court awarding her custody of her 9-year-old son, Matteo, wi...

...a, has a valid custody order from a family court awarding her custody of her 9-year-old son, Matteo, with the father’s visitation rights. In 2024, Elena’s sister, Mina, who is not a party to the custody order, took Matte...

Citations: A.M. No. 03-04-04-SC (Habeas Corpus in Relation to Custody of Minors), Rule 102, Rules of Court (Habeas Corpus)

Civil Action No. 2025-08-404, RTC, Branch 12, Iloilo City. The court rendered a judgment in favor of Greenfield Enter...

...red in a distinct fact pattern to avoid overlap with other questions. Rules of Court, Rule 65 (Certiorari, Prohibition and Mandamus), especially Sec. 4 (time for filing), Rules of Court, Rule 37 (Motions for Reconsiderat...

Citations: Rules of Court, Rule 65 (Certiorari, Prohibition and Mandamus), especially Sec. 4 (time for filing), Rules of Court, Rule 37 (Motions for Reconsideration), Rules of Court, Rule 65 (grounds for certiorari: grave abuse of discretion, lack or excess of jurisdiction)

Daniel, the father, obtained a custody order from the Family Court awarding him custody of his 8-year-old son Kai, wi...

..., obtained a custody order from the Family Court awarding him custody of his 8-year-old son Kai, with the mother Mia granted visitation rights. In 2025, Mia’s sister Rica, who is not a party to the order, took Kai to ano...

Citations: A.M. No. 03-04-04-SC, Rule 102, Rules of Court

Facts: In a civil action pending in the Regional Trial Court of Cebu City, Plaintiff Z sues Defendant W for damages a...

...ors in translation not corrected; (v) Philippine domestic evidentiary rules should apply to preclude its use. You are asked to answer: (a) Identify the controlling doctrine governing use of evidence taken abroad under Se...

Citations: Hague Evidence Convention (1970) text and framework, A.M. No. 25-02-17-SC (Rules on Transmission and Execution of Letters of Request for Taking of Evidence under the Hague Convention), Rules on Evidence of the Philippines, Sec. 18 (Use of Evidence Taken Abroad)

Facts: In Civil Action No. 2025-01-503, RTC, Branch 3, Dumaguete City, the court rendered a judgment in favor of Alph...

...filing window) without conflating with other post-judgment remedies. Rules of Court, Rule 37 (Motion for Reconsideration/N0w Trial), Rules of Court, Rule 65 (Certiorari, Prohibition and Mandamus), General principle: Gra...

Citations: Rules of Court, Rule 37 (Motion for Reconsideration/N0w Trial), Rules of Court, Rule 65 (Certiorari, Prohibition and Mandamus), General principle: Grave abuse of discretion amounting to lack or excess of jurisdiction as basis for certiorari relief

Facts: The Court of Appeals denies a petition for certiorari; Notice of denial is served on counsel on March 5, 2025....

...ttern to test precise application without overlap with prior prompts. Rules of Court, Rule 22 (Computation of Time), as amended by A.M. No. 19-10-20-SC, A.M. No. 19-10-20-SC (amending Rule 22 to clarify computation of ti

Citations: Rules of Court, Rule 22 (Computation of Time), as amended by A.M. No. 19-10-20-SC, A.M. No. 19-10-20-SC (amending Rule 22 to clarify computation of time)

Atty. Liza Ramos, a member of the Philippine Bar, is charged in a disciplinary case before the Supreme Court under th...

Atty. Liza Ramos, a member of the Philippine Bar, is charged in a disciplinary case before the Supreme Court under the CPRA (Canon VI). The Court promulgates its decision on March 12, 2025, finding her guilty of unethica...

Citations: A.M. No. 22-09-01-SC, Canon VI, Sec. 43, Rules of Court, Rule 65

Under A.M. No. 04-07-SC, discuss the proper examination of a child witness in a case of alleged abuse by a schoolteac...

Under A.M. No. 04-07-SC, discuss the proper examination of a child witness in a case of alleged abuse by a schoolteacher. The child witness is 11 years old and testifies in a criminal trial. During direct examination, th...

Citations: A.M. No. 04-07-SC (Rules on Examination of Child Witnesses)

Under A.M. No. 04-07-SC, discuss the proper examination of a child witness. In a criminal case involving alleged abus...

Under A.M. No. 04-07-SC, discuss the proper examination of a child witness. In a criminal case involving alleged abuse by a family member, a 9-year-old child testifies. During direct examination, counsel asks several lea...

Citations: A.M. No. 04-07-SC (Examination of Child Witness), Rules on Evidence, Rule 132 (Presentation of Evidence)

On February 1, 2024, the Supreme Court amended Rule 3 to require that pleadings include a computation of damages and...

.... (a) Identify the controlling doctrine on how to construe procedural rules in light of retroactivity for pending cases. (b) Apply that doctrine to these facts to decide whether the amended rule should govern the pending...

A civil action for damages arising from breach of contract was filed in the trial court on February 20, 2024. On Marc...

.... (a) Identify the controlling doctrine on how to construe procedural rules in light of retroactivity for pending cases. (b) Apply that doctrine to these facts to decide whether the amended rule should govern the pending...

On February 2, 2024, a civil action for damages arising from breach of contract was filed in the trial court. On Augu...

.... (a) Identify the controlling doctrine on how to construe procedural rules in light of retroactivity for pending cases. (b) Apply that doctrine to these facts to decide whether the amended rule should govern the pending...

On January 10, 2024, a civil action for damages arising from breach of contract was filed in the trial court. On Augu...

.... (a) Identify the controlling doctrine on how to construe procedural rules in light of retroactivity for pending cases. (b) Apply that doctrine to these facts to decide whether the amended rule should govern the pending...