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During a crowded city street, Zia brandishes a pistol to take a tablet from a student, threatening bystanders; in the same act, a shot is fired that injures a passerby. Zia surrenders to the police after the incident.
(a) Identify whether the act constitutes a complex crime and name the doctrine that governs penalties when a single act results in two offenses.
(b) If it is a complex crime, what is the penalty to be imposed for the most serious offense, and how are the other offense(s) treated under that penalty?
(c) Suppose the court finds a mitigating circumstance of voluntary surrender. How should the penalty be graduated for the most serious offense, and what is the resulting final penalty range?