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Question
A hospital IT administrator with legitimate access to the hospital’s electronic records system deliberately edits a patient’s discharge summary to reflect a longer stay and higher charges. He prints a new discharge certificate showing the altered details and assists the patient in submitting it to an insurer to claim a higher reimbursement, which the insurer approves and pays before the hospital discovers the manipulation. (a) Identify the offense under RA 10175 Sec. 4(b)(1) that the administrator may have committed and state the essential elements. (b) Apply the elements to the facts and determine whether the administrator is liable for computer-related forgery. Explain how the use of a computer and the forged document interact in establishing liability, and discuss whether the insurer’s reliance affects the result. (c) Distinguish computer-related forgery under Sec. 4(b)(1) from ordinary falsification under the Revised Penal Code, noting any key doctrinal differences in elements and proof.