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Republic Act No. 9999, enacted by Congress on June 9, 2024, retroactively criminalizes attendance at any peaceful protest that occurred between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2012. It imposes penalties up to 12 years' imprisonment for (i) any person who attended the protest, (ii) any person who provided organizational or logistical support, or (iii) any person listed in the official police blotter as having participated. It declares retroactive effect to January 1, 2012 and provides that no judicial trial is required for those punished. (a) Identify the controlling doctrine and the constitutional prohibition implicated. (b) Apply the doctrine to the facts: does the act violate the ban on ex post facto laws, the ban on bills of attainder, or both? Explain briefly with reasoning and indicate any potential remedies or defenses.