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Ordinance No. 2031-09, enacted on September 9, 2031 by the Sangguniang Panlalawigan of the Province of Catanduanes, retroactively criminalizes attendance at any protest, rally or assembly that occurred within the province from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2010. The ordinance provides penalties of up to 11 years’ imprisonment for "any person who attended the protest, provided organizational or logistical support, or is listed in the police blotter as having participated," and declares retroactive effect to January 1, 2010. It states that no judicial trial is required for those punished and enumerates named individuals (Ana Bautista, Jose Rivera) and includes a catch-all for "and all others identified in the police blotter as having attended." (a) Identify the controlling doctrine and the constitutional prohibition implicated. (b) Apply the doctrine to the facts: does the ordinance violate the ban on ex post facto laws, the ban on bills of attainder, or both? Explain briefly with reasoning and indicate any potential remedies or defenses.

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Clara

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