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All Jurisprudence based

0 tracked cards Political and Public International Law

At a privately operated offshore support facility, a migrant electrician, Nesto, is employed by a subcontractor to perform critical repairs. After his scheduled shift ends, the site supervisor locks Nesto inside a secured maintenance room and forces him to complete an urgent repair overnight. He is not paid for the overtime, is threatened with termination if he protests, and the supervisor withholds Nesto's passport to prevent leaving. There is no written contract or lawful basis authorizing detention or extended labor. Based on the Philippine Constitution, which statement is most accurate?

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It does not constitute involuntary servitude because the right against involuntary servitude applies only to public authorities, not private employers, so the remedy would be under labor standards or criminal law rather than constitutional rights. It amounts to peonage, a form of servitude distinct from involuntary servitude, but still prohibited and subject to the same remedy. It constitutes involuntary servitude, as detention and forced labor with passport retention and no lawful basis amount to involuntary servitude. It constitutes unlawful confinement and coercive labor but does not implicate the constitutional right against involuntary servitude; the appropriate remedy is civil damages and criminal penalties for confinement.

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