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In the province of Luzon, the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) are engaged in sustained hostilities with the Mountain Liberation Front (MLF), an organized non-state armed group with a defined chain of command and territorial presence in Banaue and surrounding municipalities. The conflict has persisted for 15 months and features urban-rural fighting. The AFP conducts an air strike against targets in a crowded marketplace in Banaue, resulting in civilian deaths and injuries. Reports indicate MLF fighters have positioned themselves in civilian buildings and have used civilians as shields during engagements. (a) Does this scenario fit the definition of an internal or non-international armed conflict under international humanitarian law? (b) If it qualifies as an NIAC, does Additional Protocol II apply to govern the conduct of hostilities and civilian protection in this scenario? (c) Based on the facts, identify the main IHL prohibitions implicated and the potential liability of the actors involved.