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Question
At a private technology company's research facility, the facilities manager, Ms. Park, who handles building safety and access, visits after hours while the CEO is away and verbally consents to a search of the entire research floor, including a locked file cabinet in the CEO's private office. The officers do not obtain a warrant. They search and seize documents from the private cabinet and also seize other items from the common areas of the floor. The CEO later challenges the search as to the private cabinet. (a)Identify the controlling doctrine and the essential elements of a valid consent to search under Philippine law. (b)Determine whether Ms. Park had authority to consent to search the different areas of the floor, including the locked cabinet, and explain the limits of consent with respect to the private cabinet. (c)If portions of the search are invalid, explain the legal effect on the seized evidence and what remedies are available to the accused.