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0 tracked cards Remedial Law, Legal and Judicial Ethics, with Practical Exercises
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Arson of a warehouse occurs at 3:32 a.m. The prosecution offers the following evidences to prove the guilt of the accused, named Marco Dela Cruz: (i) A grainy CCTV clip shows a figure wearing a bright orange raincoat enter the warehouse, ignite a liquid accelerant, and flee; the face is not identifiable. (ii) A security guard testifies that about 3:40 a.m. he found a char mark on the warehouse door and residual accelerant around the doorway; he cannot identify the person who set the fire. (iii) The accused testifies he was at a charity run in another city and provides a ticket stub and a social-media post; the event organizer confirms the run. (iv) A bottle cap from the accelerant container is recovered outside the warehouse with a label matching a brand sold only at the accused's hardware store; the store keeper confirms the accused sells such items. (a) Identify whether the evidences are direct or circumstantial and state the controlling rule from Rule 133 on weight and sufficiency. (b) If the evidences are circumstantial, discuss whether the facts proven satisfy the four requisites for circumstantial evidence to convict beyond reasonable doubt, and conclude whether the prosecution has proven guilt beyond reasonable doubt.

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