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Asterix Personnel Services (APS), a private recruitment agency based in Cabanatuan City, is contracted by Helios Quantum Manufacturing to staff 90 local production-line positions. APS posts the openings online and in a regional newspaper, screens applicants, and collects from applicants a nonrefundable processing fee. APS also signs a separate “placement agreement” with Helios that requires Helios to pay APS a placement fee upon the successful hiring of a candidate; APS forwards a shortlist of 38 candidates to Helios and assists with pre-employment checks for those candidates. Helios then offers employment to Candidate P from the shortlist and signs a local employment contract with P.   (a)Identify which acts by APS constitute recruitment, which constitute placement, and why. (b)Based on the acts described, determine whether APS’s activities fall within the definition of recruitment and/or placement under Philippine law and whether a license is required. (c)What penalties or liabilities may arise if APS conducts these activities without a license?