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Question
NovaLink HR Solutions, a recruitment firm based in Davao, is engaged by TechForge Construction, a domestic employer, to fill 40 local skilled-labor positions. NovaLink posts the job openings online and in a local newspaper, screens applicants, collects a nonrefundable processing fee from applicants, and forwards a shortlist of 25 candidates to TechForge. TechForge offers employment to Candidate D from the shortlist and executes a local employment contract with D. (a)Identify which acts by NovaLink constitute recruitment, which constitute placement, and why. (b)Based on the acts described, determine whether NovaLink’s activities fall within the definition of recruitment and/or placement under Philippine law and whether a license is required. (c)What penalties or liabilities may arise if NovaLink conducts these activities without a license?