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Labor and Social Legislation
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In Bacolod City, Meridian Overseas Placement, a recruitment firm, operates without any POEA license. It publicly advertises overseas housekeeping positions for a UAE employer. It collects PHP 40,000 from five applicants as processing and placement fees, and furnishes a forged Letter of Intent and a fake employment contract from a non-existent UAE hotel. No placement occurs; the funds are used to pay the owner's personal debts. Which of the following best describes Meridian’s criminal liability under the Revised Penal Code (Arts. 315, 316, and 318) or related statutes?