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A city passes Ordinance No. 2026-14 prohibiting construction activity between 9:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m. in all barangays, with exceptions for emergencies and government projects; penalties include fines up to PHP 120,000 and suspension of building permits for repeat violations. A group of construction firms challenges that the ordinance is beyond the city’s police power and unduly burdens commerce and the right to undertake lawful business.   (a)Identify the controlling doctrine and the standard used to evaluate the validity of police power measures. (b)Explain the limits of police power, including due process and equal protection considerations, and the role of local government units under the Local Government Code. (c)Apply the doctrine to the facts: Is Ordinance No. 2026-14 a valid exercise of police power? Why or why not?