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Question: A city government suspends Dr. Lila Rivera, the head of the municipal hospital's radiology department, for alleged negligence in patient data handling. The preventive suspension is issued for 14 days without notice or opportunity to be heard, and Rivera is not given transcripts or evidence supporting the charge. After 14 days, the city terminates Rivera in writing, again without a formal hearing, investigation, or written findings. Rivera files a civil action claiming that the preventive suspension and termination violated procedural due process. (a) Identify the controlling doctrine on procedural due process applicable to administrative actions under Philippine law. (b) Apply the doctrine to Rivera’s facts and determine whether the suspension and termination violated due process. (c) If there was a due-process violation, what remedy should Rivera obtain.