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A solo parent employee, Mara Cruz, works as a unit supervisor at OceanView Foods, Inc., a private company with about 450 employees. She requests Special Parental Leave for Solo Parents (SPLE) under Republic Act No. 8972, as amended by Republic Act No. 11861, to accompany her child to a medical appointment and to attend a school activity on two workdays next week. She submits her Solo Parent Identification Card (SPIC) and her child’s birth certificate. The Human Resources Officer denies the request, asserting that SPLE requires additional documentary proof beyond the SPIC (for example a physician’s certificate and a school invitation) and that SPLE is subject to internal caps set by company policy. (a) Identify the controlling doctrine and the scope of SPLE under the cited statutes. (b) Distinguish SPLE from ordinary leaves and explain its pay status. (c) Apply to the facts: should the employer grant SPLE? If denied, what remedies are available to Mara?